DERMATAN SULFATE

Description:
DERMATAN SULFATE, also known as chondroitin sulfate B, is a linear polysaccharide, which consists of repeating units of N-acetyl-D-galactosamine (GalNAc) and uronic acid 「mainly L-iduronic acid (IdoA) and some D-glucuronic acid」. These sugars are heterogeneously O-sulfated. The most commonly sulfated position was found to be the 4-position of GalNAc residues and occasionally the 6-position of GalNAc and the 2-position of IdoA residues (Fig.).
Dermatan sulfates express their anticoagulant activity by catalyzing the inhibition of thrombin as it is formed in plasma. They specially activate heparin cofactor II(HCII), a protease inhibitor in plasma and extracellular tissue which inhibits thrombin but not other proteases involved in hemostasis. HC-II is activated by fractions of 12 or more residues in length that contain an octasaccharide sequence required for binding to the inhibitor. A hexasaccharide component with high affinity for HC-II has been identified.
Fractionation of a native dermatan sulfate of porcine intestinal mucosa affords a high molecular weight fraction and a lower molecular weight fraction. The low molecular weight fraction is enriched in 4,6-di-O-sulfated N-acetyl-D-galactosamine residues which contribute to its higher HC-II mediated anti-factor IIa activity.
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